QEMU device setup

LAVA can use qemu as a DUT and run test inside QEMU.

Create device-type

Create the device type using the name qemu.

Create device

1. Add the device using the following settings:
   • Device Type: qemu
   • Hostname: A unique name (e.g., qemu-01)

2. Add the device configuration.

   For a simple qemu job, this device dictionary would work:

   {% extends "qemu.jinja2" %}
   
   {% set netdevice = "user" %}
   {% set memory = 1024 %}
   

   Tip

   If /dev/kvm is unavailable on the worker, add {% set no_kvm = True %} to the dictionary.

Submit a job

Submit this simple test job:

device_type: qemu
job_name: simple qemu job

timeouts:
  job:
    minutes: 20
priority: medium
visibility: public

context:
  arch: amd64

actions:
- deploy:
    to: tmpfs
    timeout:
      minutes: 20
    images:
      rootfs:
        url: http://images.validation.linaro.org/kvm/debian-sid-2014_08_21-amd64.qcow2.xz
        image_arg: -drive format=qcow2,file={rootfs}
        compression: xz
    os: debian

- boot:
    method: qemu
    media: tmpfs
    timeout:
      minutes: 5
    prompts:
    - 'root@debian:~#'
    auto_login:
      login_prompt: "login:"
      username: root

- test:
    timeout:
      minutes: 5
    definitions:
    - repository: https://github.com/Linaro/test-definitions
      from: git
      path: automated/linux/smoke/smoke.yaml
      parameters:
        SKIP_INSTALL: true
      name: smoke-tests
    - repository: https://github.com/Linaro/test-definitions
      from: git
      path: automated/linux/meminfo/meminfo.yaml
      parameters:
        SKIP_INSTALL: true
      name: meminfo

The job page will look like this.

Configure bridged network

For qemu-nfs and qemu-iso boot methods, netdevice must be set to tap in either the job context or the device dictionary. The tap interface must be linked to a bridged interface that provides access to the worker and maybe also the Internet.

If the network bridge is not configured yet, follow the steps below to create one.

Note

These instructions are only validated on Debian. You may need to adjust them for other distributions.

1. Install required packages:

   sudo apt install iproute2 dnsmasq
   

2. Create the bridge:

   sudo ip link add name br-lava type bridge
   sudo ip addr add 192.168.66.1/24 dev br-lava
   sudo ip link set br-lava up
   

3. Make the bridge persistent:

   sudo mkdir -p /etc/network/interfaces.d
   sudo tee /etc/network/interfaces.d/br-lava > /dev/null <<'EOF'
   auto br-lava
   iface br-lava inet static
       address 192.168.66.1
       netmask 255.255.255.0
       bridge_ports none
       bridge_stp off
   EOF
   

4. Enable DHCP for the bridge:

   sudo tee /etc/dnsmasq.d/br-lava.conf > /dev/null << 'EOF'
   interface=br-lava
   bind-interfaces
   dhcp-range=192.168.66.2,192.168.66.100,12h
   dhcp-option=option:router,192.168.66.1
   dhcp-option=option:dns-server,8.8.8.8
   except-interface=lo
   port=0
   EOF
   sudo systemctl restart dnsmasq
   

5. Configure QEMU to use the bridge:

   sudo cp /etc/qemu-ifup /etc/qemu-ifup.original
   sudo tee /etc/qemu-ifup > /dev/null << 'EOF'
   #!/bin/sh -ex
   
   TAP="$1"
   BRIDGE=br-lava
   
   ip link set "$TAP" up
   ip link set "$TAP" master "$BRIDGE"
   EOF
   

6. Optionally, allow the br-lava interface to access the Internet.

   Add NAT masquerading rules:

   sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o <eth0> -j MASQUERADE
   sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i br-lava -o <eth0> -j ACCEPT
   sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i <eth0> -o br-lava -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
   

   Note

   Replace <eth0> with the name of the interface that provides Internet access.

   Make rules persistent:

   sudo apt-get install -y iptables-persistent
   sudo netfilter-persistent save